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每个留学生想必都经历过赶due,essay作业一个接一个的来,可怕的就是明天交作业了,发现自己才写到introduction!
留学生在赶due的时候,还是要知道高效写一篇essay的方式。
先写Main body
跳过Introduction部分,直接开始列Main body的提纲(划重点!)
写essay应该先从主体开始写,在不知道主体论述部分写什么内容的情况下,Introduction是不可能很快的完成,因为Introduction经常包含对内容的大致介绍。
Main body不管分成3段还是4段,这几段的结构基本是一样的。主要包括四个部分,主题句+例子+分析+结尾句。写这部分的时候可以先不追求细节,免得影响思路。先把outline列出来就好。一个清晰的思路有了,这篇essay起码及格了。
【五句话原则】
为了和前面衔接地更好,可以用despite开头,比如:Despite the focus on xxx,it appears that....,while......
第2和第3句举例说明,Supporting evidence:
Somebody suggests/argues(author,year).......
第3、4句提出你的观点或对比之前的引用,Analysis:
可以是之前研究的不足,或者之前不同观点的矛盾之处等等。如果第一段提出观点,比如So what kind of.....,那么第二段的这个地方就用In addition,开头来和前面呼应。第三段用Therefore来和前面两段呼应。
第5句结尾句,Concluding sentence:
一句话总结观点并且和上下呼应,这个很难有template,大家根据内容自己总结就好。
写Conclusion
这部分不需要有新的观点或者引用,完全是总结上面的内容。但是记住,不能直接抄上面的句子,要重写。
【四句话原则】
第1句总结前面所讨论的内容,Summary of the main themes:
From the review of the current literature,it can be seen that.....
第2句指出前面研究的不足, gap:
While much of the previous literature has focused on....,there have been few studies which examine.....
第3句过渡句连接上下面,引出你自己的观点,
Link gap to writer's own research:
Thus there is scope for further research which...
第4句简要总结你自己的观点,
summary of writer's own research:
Therefore,this study aims to...
写Introduction
Introduction部分放后面写,因为写作过程是不断变化的,只有在写完整篇Essay之后,才会知道所有论点,后写比较有利!
【十句话原则】
第1句背景介绍,Background:
Studies over the past two decades have provided important information on...
第2句关键词定义,Definition of key term(s):
While a variety of definitions of the term X have been suggested,this paper will use the definition first suggested by Smith(1968)who saw it as...
第3句课题的重要性,importance of topic:
In the history of development economics,X has been thought of as a key factor in...
或者第3句为什么选择这个题目,Reasons for researching topic:
Despite its long clinical success,X has a number of problems in use.However,these rapid changes are having a serious effect on....
第4句之前研究的不足,Highlighting inadequacies of previous studies:
Although extensive research has been carried out on X,no single study exists which...
第5句研究方法,Brief mention of your methodology:
A combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches was used in the data analysis.
第6句我研究方法的优势和不足,Indicating significance:
The present research explores,for the first time,the effects of...However,due to practical constraints,this paper cannot provide a comprehensive review of...
第7句观点陈述,Statement:
The main issues addressed in this paper are: a ),b )and c ).
第8-10句全文结构,Outlining the structure:
This paper first gives a brief overview of the recent history of X.The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study.The fourth section presents the findings of the research,focusing on the three key themes that...
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